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Caring for a child with a disability

Disabled children and young people are first and foremost, children and young people. However, disabled children and young people often contend with additional challenges in their lives, and providing care may present additional practical or emotional challenges to foster carers.

The term 'SEND' (Special Educational Needs and Disabilities) is often used in education and social care settings. The term 'additional needs' is often used for children and young people who have a health or developmental condition that impacts on their everyday life. These needs could be developmental, physical, learning, behavioural or sensory. 

Boy Throwing Sand

The Equality Act 2010 describes disability as a physical or mental impairment that has a large and long-term adverse effect on someone’s ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. It includes children and young people with mental health problems, developmental delays, physical or sensory impairments, or long-term illness.

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Disabled children and young people need foster carers for the same reasons as any child in need of alternative care. They may also be more vulnerable to abuse, particularly if they have limited communication skills. Some disabled children and young people may have an Education, Health and Care (EHC) Plan, which may include respite care to give the family and the child or young person a short break. 

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 All looked after children and young people face potential barriers to achieving their potential: a disabled child faces multiple barriers. For them to succeed, their foster carer needs to use a range of positive communication and advocacy skills to speak up for them and make sure their legal rights are understood and enforced. If a foster carer needs help in advocating for a looked after child then contact the child’s responsible local authority advocacy service, or speak to the child’s social worker. 

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Foster carers caring for disabled children and young people will need to provide the support they need to reach their full potential. This will often mean working with other professionals such as paediatric consultants, community nurses, speech and language therapists, occupational therapists. In some cases, they may be liaising with professionals for any required adaptations to the foster home.

The foster carer may also need training in giving any clinical interventions to the foster child, often provided by the local hospital or nurse practitioner. There may be a requirement to complete this on a named child basis and to undertake refresher training. The foster carer may need to understand and receive training in moving and handling, and using any equipment or disability aids needed for the child or young person.

Foster carers should ensure they are familiar with and adhere to any medication policies and recording requirements. Risk assessments and safer care policies should also be updated to reflect the specific needs of the child in placement, and consider the needs all household members. 

The Independent Reviewing Officer (IRO) is responsible for ensuring the local authority carry out their duty in the care planning for the disabled child or young person. To ensure there is a EHC plan in place and to ensure all the requirements for the young person are met by the care plan including the financial and funding needs of the placement.  

Blowing Bubbles

We have created a range of resources for foster carers looking after autistic children, including things to consider when an autistic child comes into your care, and the leading support strategies recommended by national autism charities.